Ghana Agribusiness Playbook← Beef Cattle
A busy Ghanaian cattle market where live animals change hands
Beef Cattle · Pillar 02

Demand and Markets

Ghana raises beef in the north and eats imports in the south. Beef self-sufficiency was about 47 percent in 2018 on a balance that leaves out live Sahel cattle, and local fresh beef cannot beat frozen offal on price, so the winnable lanes are fresh, festive and premium.
Ghana raises beef in the north and eats imports in the south · Pillar 02

Ghana has millions of cattle and still buys most of the beef it eats from abroad or across the border. Frozen offal from Europe and live Sahel cattle fill the gap, and local fresh beef competes against both on price and on cold chain.

The headline, beef self-sufficiency near half in 2018, flatters the home producer, because that balance leaves out the live cattle brought in from the Sahel, so the share of beef raised in Ghana is lower. The openings sit in the lanes imports cannot hold, the fresh, the festive and the branded premium.

A Ghanaian butcher's stall in an open southern market at mid-morning, a whole fresh carcass hanging on a hook behind the block, the butcher trimming a cut with a heavy knife while a customer points at the meat, warm earthy tones, dust in the light, documentary photograph, natural daylight, no text overlay, no watermark
Ghana raises beef in the north and eats imports in the south
The market as it is: a small plate, mostly filled by imports and cross-border cattle.
~1.9 kg
beef a person in 2018 on the ministry's balance (FAO: about 1.6 kg in 2023)
~70%
of animals slaughtered in Ghana came from abroad (2014 estimate)
~US$269m
spent on meat and edible offal imports in 2025, over four-fifths poultry

🐄 A thin plate, and a gap that imports fill 🐄

Ghanaians eat little beef: about 1.9 kilograms a person in 2018 on the ministry’s balance,1 and about 1.6 kilograms in 2023 on FAO’s food balance, inside an all-meat supply of about 17 kilograms.2 That is a thin plate, and the country has the cattle: the animals are held rather than sold (Pillar 1).

Set the demand against the supply and the gap is plain. In 2018, the last year with a clean published balance, Ghana consumed about 57,166 tonnes of beef but produced only about 26,716 tonnes, so imports of about 30,450 tonnes made up the difference.1 The ministry’s estimate of home output has since risen to about 33,151 tonnes of beef in 2024, but that figure is estimated from the projected herd, an assumed 11 percent offtake and a 125-kilogram carcass; the 173,246 cattle recorded as slaughtered that year would give about 21,700 tonnes.3 The population has grown too, and the shortfall is still filled the same two ways: frozen meat shipped in, and live cattle walked or trucked down from the Sahel.

57,166 t
beef Ghana consumed in 2018, the last clean balance
26,716 t
beef Ghana produced that year
30,450 t
imported to make up the difference
Beef is a small share of the meat Ghanaians eat: MoFA 2018 and FAO 2023
Figure 4 Beef is a small share of the meat Ghanaians eat: MoFA 2018 and FAO 2023

Source: ADT Project Consulting and GFA Consulting Group, MoFA 2018 data; FAO food balances.12

What this shows

Ghanaians eat little beef per head, and most of what they eat is imported or cross-border. The home producer barely touches the plate.

33,151 t
estimated beef output in 2024: projected herd x 11% assumed offtake x 125 kg
~21,700 t
beef from the 173,246 cattle recorded as slaughtered in 2024

What this means. The low per-capita figure cuts two ways. It is a warning, beef is a small, slow-growing part of the Ghanaian diet against cheaper chicken, so no entrant should plan for big volume. But it is also the shape of the opening: the plate is small and it is mostly filled by foreigners, so every kilogram a home producer can win back is a kilogram that does not have to be imported. The market is small, and the import share of it is the target.

🐄 Why 47 percent self-sufficiency flatters the home producer

The 2018 beef balance: 46.7 percent self-sufficient, with live cattle imports left out
Figure 5 The 2018 beef balance: 46.7 percent self-sufficient, with live cattle imports left out

Source: ADT Project Consulting and GFA Consulting Group, MoFA 2018 data.1

What this shows

Once the beef from cattle raised abroad and killed here is added to the balance, the share of beef raised in Ghana falls below the 47 percent headline, which is why the import-substitution opening is larger than the official figure suggests.

The official picture looks better than it is. Beef self-sufficiency was about 47 percent in 2018, but that balance compares estimated home output with frozen meat imports only and leaves out live cattle imports from neighbouring countries.1

Beef from cattle raised in Burkina Faso or Mali and brought across the border to be killed here sits outside the balance altogether, so the share of the beef eaten in Ghana that was raised in Ghana is lower than 47 percent. Estimates of that live inflow vary widely: about 70 percent of animals slaughtered in Ghana in a 2014 estimate,4 over 90 percent of Accra’s cattle slaughter according to Accra’s butchers,1 and up to a third of the cattle processed in Ghana from Burkina Faso alone in a model based on 2014 to 2015 data.5

~47%
beef self-sufficiency in 2018, with live cattle imports left out
~70%
of animals slaughtered in Ghana came from abroad (2014 estimate)
over 90%
of Accra's cattle slaughter from neighbouring countries, by Accra's butchers

MARKET SIGNAL: THE HOME-RAISED SHARE IS SMALLER THAN THE HEADLINE. Do not trust the self-sufficiency headline as a measure of the home industry. The real domestic beef business is smaller and weaker than 47 percent suggests, which means the import-substitution opportunity is larger than the official figure implies. A finisher or rancher who raises and sells a Ghana-raised animal competes against frozen imports and against cattle raised in the Sahel and slaughtered here.

🐄 What fills the gap: frozen offal and Sahel cattle 🐄

The import that fills the plate is mostly cheap cuts and offal. Ghana recorded about 11,295 tonnes of frozen beef imports worth about GH¢139 million, close to US$9.5 million, in 2024,3 plus about 23,600 tonnes of edible offal of all species,6 and in 2018 about 98 percent of imported beef by volume was low-value cuts or offal.5 That fact shapes the competition: the imported product is mostly cheap cuts and offal, sold to price-sensitive buyers who want protein for a stew. Brazil supplied about 63 percent of Ghana’s frozen beef by weight in 2024 and about 61 percent in 2025, ahead of Ireland at about 11 percent, the United Kingdom, Belgium and the Netherlands, while Poland, Belgium and Brazil led edible offal.6 Most live cattle come from Burkina Faso: an older estimate put its share at 80 to 90 percent,5 and 56 percent of the livestock recorded at the Paga crossing in 2018 to 2023 came from Burkina Faso.7 Ghana’s total import bill for meat and edible offal rose from about US$209 million in 2023 and US$215 million in 2024 to about US$269 million in 2025, but over four-fifths of it was poultry; frozen beef cost about US$10 million and edible offal about US$22 million.6 Imported meat pays a 35 percent import duty plus 15 percent value-added tax and other levies.8

Alongside the frozen trade runs the live one, and here the official numbers need care. Recorded live-cattle imports fell from about 69,083 head in 2019 to about 17,879 in 2024.3 Part of the fall is real: livestock movements recorded at the Paga crossing fell sharply from 2020 and were lowest in 2023 as conflict spread in Burkina Faso. Part is a counting problem: permit fees for cattle doubled in 2023, and traders use unapproved routes that the records miss.7

11,295 t
frozen beef imported in 2024, about GH¢139 million
35% + 15%
import duty plus value-added tax on imported meat, with other levies
69,083 to 17,879
recorded live-cattle imports, 2019 to 2024, partly a counting gap
Where Ghana's imported beef comes from: frozen beef mainly from Brazil in 2025, live cattle mainly from Burkina Faso
Figure 6 Where Ghana's imported beef comes from: frozen beef mainly from Brazil in 2025, live cattle mainly from Burkina Faso

Source: UN Comtrade; Johnson et al.67

What this shows

Frozen beef from Brazil, offal from Europe and live cattle from Burkina Faso fill the gap. Local beef competes against both, on price and on cold chain.

The interior of a Ghanaian cold store, stacked cartons of imported frozen beef offal on pallets under bare bulbs, a worker in a heavy jacket sliding a box from the pile, condensation on the walls, cool light against warm earthy tones, documentary photograph, no text overlay, no watermark
Mostly cheap cuts and offal
Cheap cuts and offal: cold-stored and shipped from Brazil and Europe.
~98%
of imported beef by volume was low-value cuts or offal in 2018
~61%
of Ghana's frozen beef imports by weight came from Brazil in 2025

What this means. The composition of the imports is the map to the openings. Because about 98 percent of imported beef by volume was low-value cuts or offal in 2018, the imported product is weakest exactly where quality matters: fresh, whole-cut, branded beef for hotels, supermarkets and better households. And because the live-cattle trade is largely informal and cross-border, it carries disease and legal risk (Pillars 3 and 6) that a verified, domestically-raised animal does not. The import wins on cheap offal; it is exposed on everything above that.

🐄 The price gap, and the proteins that beat beef 🐄

The protein price ladder: fresh beef sits above chicken and, per kilogram of product, near corned beef
Figure 7 The protein price ladder: fresh beef sits above chicken and, per kilogram of product, near corned beef

Source: Jiji Ghana; Melcom; Palace Online; GH Basket.9101112131415

What this shows

On everyday price beef sits above chicken, and per kilogram of product it is close to a tin of corned beef. That is why beef stays an occasion food.

GH¢88 to 110
a kilogram of fresh beef at butchers, July to September 2026
GH¢54 to 80
a kilogram of imported frozen chicken in supermarkets, September 2026
GH¢126 to 176
a kilogram of product for tinned corned beef, which needs no fridge

Beef is dear. An Ashaiman butcher asked GH¢88 a kilogram for bone-in beef and GH¢105 for boneless in July 2026, an Accra seller asked about GH¢110 for boneless in September,910 and Palace listed minced beef at GH¢109.99 a kilogram.12 At the other end of the chain the live animal is where most of the cost sits. In Kumasi in May 2026, a cow that sold for about GH¢30,000 in 2025 was going for GH¢20,000 to 25,000, and one that sold for GH¢15,000 for about GH¢10,000. Traders put the fall down largely to the stronger cedi, which cut the cost of imported livestock.16

The price that matters is relative: a shopper weighs beef against the other proteins on the same stall. Imported frozen chicken cost about GH¢54 a kilogram as a whole Seara bird at Melcom and GH¢80 a kilogram for thighs at Palace in September 2026,1113 and a 340-gram tin of corned beef cost GH¢43 to 60 at GH Basket, about GH¢126 to 176 a kilogram of product.1415 A household choosing dinner sees fresh beef well above chicken, and a shelf-stable tin of corned beef that costs as much per kilogram as fresh beef, or more, and needs no fridge. On everyday price, beef loses to chicken and it loses on convenience to the tin, which is why beef stays a small, occasion-led part of the diet rather than a staple.

A roadside Ghanaian chop bar at lunchtime, a cook ladling a rich beef stew from a blackened pot over a coal fire, enamel bowls of rice and banku waiting on a wooden bench, customers seated under a shade awning, warm earthy tones, natural light, documentary photograph, no text overlay, no watermark
An occasion food
The shopper's arithmetic: beef against chicken on the same stall.
GH¢109.99
a kilogram of minced beef at Palace, 2026
GH¢20,000 to 25,000
for a cow in Kumasi, May 2026 (down from about GH¢30,000 in 2025)

MARKET SIGNAL: COMPETE ON FRESHNESS. Price sets the strategy. A home producer cannot win the everyday-protein war on price against chicken and frozen offal, and should not try; that is a race to the bottom the importer wins. The winnable game is premium and freshness, where the imported frozen offal cannot compete and where the buyer is paying for quality, provenance and same-day meat rather than the lowest price per kilogram. Compete where the cold-stored import is weak.

🐄 Festive demand: the window the local animal can own 🐄

Beef demand peaks in the festive seasons. Sales of cattle peak around Eid al-Adha and Christmas,17 and festive livestock prices have been reported up to 20 percent above normal,4 although prices do not always rise: in Kumasi before Eid in 2026 they fell on the year.16 Eid al-Adha moves about 11 days earlier each year: it fell about 27 May in 2026 and will fall about 16 May in 2027, so the sale must be planned months ahead. At Eid al-Adha and at Christmas in December, buyers want a whole animal, slaughtered fresh, often to a religious standard, and they want it now. That demand cannot be met from a freezer of European offal, and it is met today by live Sahel cattle sold at the roadside.

It is a clear opening in the demand picture: a finisher who times animals to reach market weight in the weeks before a festival is selling into a price spike, against a buyer who specifically wants a live, fresh, local beast. The Kumasi Abattoir had received more than 5,000 animals by 21 May 2026 ahead of Eid, against about 3,000 in the same period of 2025, a surge a domestic finisher can plan around.16

A busy Ghanaian cattle market with live animals changing hands before a festival
The window imports cannot enter
A festive livestock market in the days before Eid al-Adha, when demand and prices peak.
over 5,000
animals received at the Kumasi Abattoir by 21 May 2026, ahead of Eid
~3,000
in the same period of 2025: a surge a finisher can plan around
🐄 Opportunity: the festive window 🐄
01

Festive finishing. Buy lean animals in good time and feed them to reach weight in the weeks before Eid or Christmas, selling into the price spike when buyers want a fresh, whole, often halal-slaughtered beast the freezer trade cannot supply (Pillars 5 and 6).

02

Verified festive supply. The festival buyer wants a healthy, known animal, so an aggregator who can offer traceable, disease-checked stock into the seasonal peak sells trust as well as meat (Pillars 3 and 8).

🐄 The lanes imports cannot hold 🐄

Put the pieces together and the market splits into lanes, some the import owns and some it cannot. The imported frozen offal and the cheap tin own the low-price, long-shelf-life, no-cold-chain lane, and no local producer should try to take it. But fresh same-day beef, the festive whole animal, and branded, traceable, premium meat are lanes the frozen import structurally cannot enter, and few suppliers serve them today. The table below reads the market lane by lane: who wins now, why, and where the local opening sits.

The beef market read lane by lane
Table 3: The beef market read lane by lane: where the import wins, and where the local animal can
Market laneWho wins it todayWhy they win itThe local opening
Cheap boiling offal / wele-style meatImported frozen beef and offal (Brazil, Poland, Belgium, Ireland)Cheapest protein, cold-stored, long shelf lifeWeak lane for local fresh beef; do not compete on price here
Shelf-stable processed (corned beef)Imported tinned beefNo fridge needed, long life, trusted brandClosed to fresh beef; a distant processing play only
Everyday fresh beefSplit: local fresh vs cheaper chickenBeef dearer per kg than chicken; buyers trade downHold on freshness and taste, but volume is capped by price
Fresh, same-day, whole-cut beefLocal fresh beefFrozen import cannot match a same-day fresh carcassThe natural home lane; win it on cold chain and consistency
Festive / Eid whole animalLive Sahel cattle (informal)Buyers want a live, fresh, often halal beastDomestic finishing timed to the festival spike, verified and legal
Branded, traceable, premium (hotels, supermarkets, diaspora)Few suppliers; largely openLittle local branded fresh-beef supply; a few sellers such as the University of Ghana's LIPREC offer packed beef onlineThe open field: raise, brand and trace a Ghana-raised animal

Source: Rich and Wane; MoFA SRID; ADT/GFA Country Analysis; UN Comtrade.5316

🐄 Opportunity: the open field 🐄
01

Fresh and premium beef supply. The lanes the frozen import cannot enter, same-day fresh, festive whole animals, and branded traceable meat, are the openings, and they need a cold chain and a supply of market-ready domestic animals rather than a bigger herd (Pillars 5, 6 and 8).

🐄 The risks that sit inside the market 🐄

Local fresh beef sold uncooled on an open stall while imported frozen offal keeps for months in cold store
Freshness turns into spoilage

No cold chain, spoilage and the import advantage

HIGH
What it is

Imported frozen offal arrives cold-stored and keeps for months, while local fresh beef is often sold uncooled and must move the day it is killed. Without a cold chain, the local animal's one advantage, freshness, turns into a liability of spoilage, and the import's shelf life wins by default.

Evidence

An FAO review counted four standard abattoirs, citing 2012 data, and found imported meat kept in cold storage while local meat moved without chilling, an asymmetry that favours imports.18

Who it hits

Butchers, finishers and retailers selling fresh local beef, and anyone trying to reach supermarkets or hotels that demand a cold chain.

How to manage it, and the opening

Build the cold chain the local animal needs to hold its fresh advantage: chilling at the abattoir, cold transport, and a cold cabinet at retail. The asymmetry that hurts local beef today is itself the opening, because whoever supplies the missing cold chain lets the fresh animal beat the frozen import (Pillar 6).

A Ghanaian market stall where a beef butcher's block sits directly beside a poultry seller's tray of dressed chicken and a shelf of tinned corned beef, a shopper weighing the three against each other, hand-written price cards, warm earthy tones, natural daylight, documentary photograph, no text overlay, no watermark
Beef loses the everyday plate

Losing the everyday-protein price war

MEDIUM
What it is

Beef is a small, occasion-led part of the Ghanaian diet because it is dearer than chicken and less convenient than a tin. A producer who plans for large everyday volume, and prices against chicken to get it, has misread the market and will not find the buyers.

Evidence

Fresh beef costs about GH¢88 to 110 a kilogram against about GH¢54 to 80 for imported chicken, and beef supply is only about 1.6 to 1.9 kilograms a person a year.91121

Who it hits

New entrants who assume beef is a mass-market staple and size a business for volume it cannot sell.

How to manage it, and the opening

Size the business for the premium and festive lanes. Sell quality, freshness and provenance to buyers who will pay for them, rather than chasing the price-led buyer who will always choose chicken or the frozen tin.

🐄 Key takeaways 🐄
01

Ghanaians eat little beef, about 1.9 kilograms a head a year, and most of what they eat is imported or cross-border.

02

The 47 percent self-sufficiency headline from 2018 flatters the home producer, because it leaves out live Sahel cattle slaughtered here, so the share of beef raised in Ghana is lower.

03

Imports come as cheap frozen beef and offal, about 98 percent low-value by volume in 2018, now led by Brazil for frozen beef and by Poland and Belgium for offal, plus a live-cattle inflow that official records only partly capture.

04

Beef is dearer than chicken and near corned beef per kilogram, so it stays an occasion food; the home producer cannot win on everyday price and should not try.

05

The winnable lanes are the ones imports cannot hold: fresh same-day beef, the festive whole animal, and branded, traceable, premium meat.

Where this connects

The premium and festive lanes are only winnable if the finishing economics of Pillar 5 make a market-ready animal profitable, and if the cold chain and abattoir capacity of Pillar 6 let fresh local beef beat the frozen import. The exchange-rate and import-tariff exposure read here is shaped by the policy and finance environment of Pillar 7, where the tax incentives that could tilt the field toward domestic production also sit.

Written for each reader

🐄 Practitioner intelligence 🐄

Hover any card to pause and lift it.

For students

Learn to read the market as separate lanes. The headline that Ghana was about half self-sufficient in beef in 2018 is misleading, because the balance leaves out live cattle imported for slaughter, so the real home-raised share is smaller. Understand why beef is a small plate, about 1.9 kilograms a head, and why it loses on everyday price to chicken and to frozen offal. The most useful thing to grasp is where the import is weak: fresh, festive and premium beef, the lanes a freezer of European offal can never enter.

For entrepreneurs

First move: do not plan to out-price the frozen offal or the chicken, because you will lose. Plan for the lanes imports cannot hold, same-day fresh beef, the festive whole animal, and branded traceable meat for hotels, supermarkets and better households. Time finishing to reach weight just before Eid and Christmas, when demand spikes and buyers want a live, fresh, local beast. The trap to avoid is building on a weak cedi; when the cedi firms, as in 2026, cheap imports return and a price-based business collapses, so anchor on freshness and provenance instead.

For investors

Diligence starts by discounting the self-sufficiency headline: the home-raised share of beef is smaller than 47 percent, which makes the import-substitution runway longer, but also means the venture is competing against cheap frozen imports and informal Sahel cattle. Back businesses positioned in the premium and festive lanes with a real cold chain. Underwrite the exchange-rate exposure explicitly, and treat any plan whose margin depends on imports staying expensive as unpriced risk. The defensible thesis sells freshness, provenance and festive timing, which no import can copy.

For ecosystem actors

The lever is the cold chain and honest market information. A chilled abattoir, cold transport and a cold cabinet at retail let fresh local beef beat frozen offal on its one real advantage, and a text-message price service (Pillar 8) lets producers see the festive spike coming. Measure success as the share of the fresh, festive and premium lanes that domestic animals hold, rather than as headline self-sufficiency, which leaves out imported live cattle. The failure to avoid is subsidising more headcount while the import keeps the premium plate, which grows the herd without growing the home producer's market.

Footnotes
  1. ADT Project Consulting GmbH and GFA Consulting Group GmbH. Country Analysis Ghana. Bonn: Agency for Business and Economic Development (AWE), on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), 2020. https://wirtschaft-entwicklung.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Downloads/Studie_Milch-_und_Fleischwirtschaft/Ghana_country_analysis.en.PDF.↑
  2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT: Food Balances (2010-2023). Rome: FAO, 2025. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS.↑
  3. Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Statistics, Research and Information Directorate (SRID). Agriculture in Ghana: Facts and Figures (2024). Accra: Ministry of Food and Agriculture, 2025. https://srid.mofa.gov.gh/sites/default/files/2025-12/AGRICULTURE%20IN%20GHANA%20(Facts%20&%20Figures)%202024.pdf.↑
  4. DAI and Nathan Associates London Ltd. Livestock Market Diagnostics Report. Accra: Department for International Development (DFID), Ghana, 2014. https://ghana-made.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Livestock-Market-Diagnostics.pdf.↑
  5. Rich, Karl M., and Abdrahmane Wane. "The Competitiveness of Beef Exports from Burkina Faso to Ghana." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 8 (2021): Article 619044. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.619044.↑
  6. United Nations Statistics Division. UN Comtrade Database: Ghana trade in meat, edible offal and raw hides (HS 02, 0202, 0206, 4101), 2023 to 2025. New York: United Nations, 2026. https://comtradeplus.un.org/.↑
  7. Johnson, Sherry Ama Mawuko, Theophilus Odoom, William Tasiame, Benita Anderson, Christiana Terkper, Richard Kwamena Abbiw, Kingsley Amoako, et al. "Livestock Mobility in Border Towns and Markets in Ghana: A Retrospective Analysis, 2017-2023." Tropical Animal Health and Production 57, no. 8 (2025): Article 484. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04641-y.↑
  8. Taylor, Josh. Ghana Livestock Voluntary 2023. GH2023-0003. Accra: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, 2023. https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/Report/DownloadReportByFileName?fileName=Ghana%20Livestock%20Voluntary%202023_Accra_Ghana_GH2023-0003.↑
  9. Jiji Ghana. "Food items like goat and cow meat (Tulaku, Ashaiman butcher listing, created 25 July 2026)." Jiji Ghana, 2026. https://jiji.com.gh/tema-metropolitan/meat/food-items-like-goat-and-cow-meat-q3b4qZrbe42Y1KCJGpWNcQsu.html.↑
  10. Jiji Ghana. "Fresh boneless beef cow meat, premium cut (Accra listing, created 21 September 2026)." Jiji Ghana, 2026. https://jiji.com.gh/accra-metropolitan/meat/fresh-boneless-beef-cow-meat-premium-cut-5BxSPgv4umVduJpF6srjmYHO.html.↑
  11. Melcom. "Frozen meat produce (Seara whole chicken griller 1.3 kg, GH¢69.99)." Melcom online supermarket, 2026. https://melcom.com/categories/food-beverages-toiletries/meat-produce/frozen.html.↑
  12. Palace Online (Palace Superstores). "Beef minced meat kg." Palace Online, 2026. https://palacesuperstores.com/products/beef-minced-meat.↑
  13. Palace Online. "Boneless chicken kg, with chicken thigh kg (GH¢79.99) listed under similar products." Palace Online, 2026. https://palacesuperstores.com/products/boneless-chicken-kg.↑
  14. GH Basket. "Exeter Corned Beef 340g." GH Basket, 2026. https://ghbasket.com/product/exeter-corned-beef-340g/.↑
  15. GH Basket. "Lele Corned Beef 340g." GH Basket, 2026. https://ghbasket.com/product/lele-corned-beef-340g/.↑
  16. Suleman, Muyid Deen. "Livestock Prices Drop ahead of Eid-ul-Adha in Kumasi." Ghana News Agency, 25 May 2026. https://gna.org.gh/2026/05/livestock-prices-drop-ahead-of-eid-ul-adha-in-kumasi/.↑
  17. Roelen, Suzanne. Exploring the Current Status of Ruminant Value Chains in Northern Ghana, and the Role of Grain Legume Residues as a Livestock Feed Resource. Wageningen: Wageningen University, 2017. https://www.n2africa.org/sites/default/files/Msc%20thesis_Suzanne%20Roelen.pdf.↑
  18. Oppong-Apane, Kwame. Review of the Livestock/Meat and Milk Value Chains and Policy Influencing Them in Ghana. Accra: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and Economic Community of West African States, 2016. https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/43c0c6a7-8e5a-4bf3-b241-238a9436e32f/content.↑
Section 2 of 8← All sections
← BreedsDisease & Risk →
Download full PDF
UpcomingThis document isn't available yet.